ArticleBMC medical education2025
Attitudes and usage of ChatGPT among pharmacy students in a Sub-Saharan African country, Zambia: findings and implications on the education system.
Article in BMC medical education, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundArtificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful tool in many sectors including healthcare education. ChatGPT is a widely used generative AI model among learners and teachers globally. In Zambia, there is no information regarding the use of ChatGPT among healthcare students. Therefore, this study assessed the attitudes and usage of ChatGPT and influencing factors among pharmacy students at the University of Zambia.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2024 to May 2024 among pharmacy students at the University of Zambia using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was based on the validated Technology Acceptance Model Edited to Assess ChatGPT Adoption (TAME-ChatGPT) survey instrument on the determinants of attitude and usage of ChatGPT among health students. Attitude toward ChatGPT was assessed using four items grouped into a single variable comprising the primary study measure and dichotomized into “positive” vs. “negative” attitudes.
resultsA total of 385 responses were obtained, with 358 participants (93.0%) who heard of ChatGPT before the study, and 303 used ChatGPT (78.7%). In univariate analyses, the following factors were significantly associated with a positive attitudes towards ChatGPT: low perceived risk (P = 0.009), low anxiety (P = 0.010), and a high score on technology/social influence (P < 0.001), with the latter factor being the only influencing factor regression analysis (aOR: 2.908, 95% CI: 1.752–4.825). Regarding the influencing factors for ChatGPT use, the perceived usefulness was the only significant factor (P = 0.013).
conclusionsThe study results showed the widespread use of ChatGPT among pharmacy students in Zambia highlighting its increasing role as part of the educational process. This study also found that advancement in technology and social influence predisposed most pharmacy students to use Chat GPT. To better implement this advanced generative AI tool in healthcare education, academics and universities must take into account the role of social influence and readiness to accept technology as well as emphasizing the role of usefulness to foster the educational process.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.