Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40890497›Full record

ArticleNature materials2026

Peptide codes for organ-selective mRNA delivery.

Tie Chang, Yifan Zheng, Mingrui Jiang, Siqi Jia, Jianbo Bai, Zhi Zheng, Shixin Li, Jia Guo, Yue Wang, Yiting Wang and 19 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Base Editing: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Applications.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2027
    Review
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Endogenous targeting lipid nanoparticles for systemic mRNA delivery to lung cancer tumors.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. In Vivo T-Cell Engineering: Revolution in Delivery Strategies and Clinical Translation.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026
    Review
  11. Peptide-Incorporated Biomaterials Promote Regeneration of Peripheral Nerve Injuries.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Switching a chiral antiferromagnet.Nature materials · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

29 authors.

Tie ChangInstitute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Yifan ZhengInstitute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Mingrui JiangDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.ORCID 0009-0004-7621-0669
Siqi JiaNeuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Jianbo BaiInstitute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Zhi ZhengInstitute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Shixin LiState Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.
Jia GuoInstitute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Yue WangBGI Research, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0003-2103-4237
Yiting WangBGI Research, Beijing, China.
Haixia LiuBGI Research, Beijing, China.
Jianlin LiuBGI Research, Beijing, China.
Liangyu NiNeuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission and State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China.ORCID 0009-0006-5624-0435
Xingdi ChengBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Shuai LiuBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Huijuan ZhangState Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Wei PiInstitute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Feng LinInstitute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0003-4540-9208
Shiyi LiuInstitute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Weijian WangCollege of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Guannan WangCollege of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0002-6955-8032
Leyun WangXiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.ORCID 0000-0003-4448-0141
Lei MiaoState Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.ORCID 0009-0004-1647-1445
Xueguang LuBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1069-7265
Ziqing DengBGI Research, Beijing, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8726-0160
Bing BaiState Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.ORCID 0009-0000-2504-4809
Zhao QinDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5696-8553
Huajian GaoMechano-X Institute, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. gao.huajian@tsinghua.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0002-8656-846X
Yue ShaoInstitute of Biomechanics and Medical Engineering, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. yshao@tsinghua.edu.cn.ORCID 0000-0001-7548-3551

Funding

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2023M740152National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 12102229National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 22175188National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 32400944National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) U21A20203National Science Foundation (NSF) CMMI-2145392Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality (Beijing Natural Science Foundation) Z220022
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Organ-selective delivery of messenger RNA (mRNA) is critical for fulfilling the therapeutic potential of mRNA-based gene and protein replacement technologies. Despite clinical advances in the hepatic delivery of mRNA using lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), current strategies for extrahepatic-organ-selective mRNA delivery still have limitations. Here we report a peptide-encoded organ-selective targeting (POST) method for the delivery of mRNA to extrahepatic organs after systemic administration, which is based on the modular tuning of LNPs through surface engineering with specific amino acid sequences (POST codes). Molecular dynamics simulations and in vitro and in vivo testing show that the organ-selective targeting of POST results from the specific protein corona of the peptide-decorated LNPs, which is established from the mechanical optimization of the binding affinities between peptides with a particular sequence and plasma proteins. This approach can be used for the organ-selective delivery of different ribonucleic acids and multiple gene editing machinery. Overall, the POST platform creates a modular repertoire for LNP surface engineering for directing organ tropism, broadening the scope and versatility of organ-selective delivery.

Indexed as

Gene Transfer TechniquesNanoparticlesPeptidesRNA, MessengerAnimalsHumansLipidsMiceMolecular Dynamics SimulationOrgan SpecificityLipidsPeptidesRNA, Messenger

Identifiers

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.