Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40890437›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Updated reference intervals for serum cystatin C and creatinine based on age and sex variations.

Yuhang Deng, Fenghao Xie, Ziren Zhao, Wenqing Wu, Di Wang, Yongjie Guna, Qitong Zhang, Quan Li, Haoqin Jiang, Ming Guan

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yuhang Deng *Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Fenghao Xie *Department of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Ziren ZhaoHangzhou Medical College, 8 Yikang Street, Lin'an District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.
Wenqing WuDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Di WangDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Yongjie GunaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Qitong ZhangDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Quan LiDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Haoqin JiangDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. nonyajhq@126.com.
Ming GuanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. guanming88@126.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We investigated inconsistencies between results for cystatin C (Cys C) and creatinine (Crea) in patients undergoing health check-ups. Data from 36,836 individuals who underwent health checkups at Huashan Hospital over the previous 3 years were analyzed. We extracted laboratory results of 10 biomarkers and information on sex and age. After applying detailed screening criteria, 14,968 participants were included in this study. We evaluated the consistency of the current reference intervals (RIs) for Cys C and Crea in assessing renal function across sex and age groups. The results showed that the current RIs led to inconsistent result interpretations when applied to different age and sex groups. Older individuals and men were more likely to have Cys C levels above the RIs whereas younger individuals were more likely to exceed the RIs for Crea. Age- and sex-dependency was observed for both biomarkers. We therefore developed new age- and sex-partitioned RIs for these markers. The updated RIs greatly improved the consistency of Cys C and Crea result interpretation across age and sex groups. Our findings indicated that Cys C and Crea are both dependent on age and sex, and using age- and sex-partitioned RIs improves interpretation consistency across different age and sex groups.

Indexed as

CreatinineCystatin CAdultAgedAge FactorsBiomarkersFemaleGlomerular Filtration RateHumansMaleMiddle AgedReference ValuesSex FactorsBiomarkersCreatinineCystatin CDemographicsGlomerular filtration rateReference intervalSerum creatinineSerum cystatin C

Identifiers

PMID40890437
PMCPMC12402477

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.