Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40890103›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Integrated lithium niobate photonic computing circuit based on efficient and high-speed electro-optic conversion.

Yaowen Hu, Yunxiang Song, Xinrui Zhu, Xiangwen Guo, Shengyuan Lu, Qihang Zhang, Lingyan He, Cornelis A A Franken, Keith Powell, Hana Warner and 17 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. High-clockrate free-space optical in-memory computing.Light, science & applications · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Yaowen Hu *John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA. yaowenhu@pku.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-1959
Yunxiang Song *John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA. ysong1@g.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3879-4777
Xinrui ZhuJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
Xiangwen GuoDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
Shengyuan LuJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
Qihang ZhangDepartment of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Lingyan HeHyperLight Corporation, 675 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Cornelis A A FrankenJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
Keith PowellJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
Hana WarnerJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5068-2885
Daniel AssumpcaoJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0374-9901
Dylan RenaudJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7709-9606
Ying WangHyperLight Corporation, 675 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Letícia MagalhãesJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
Victoria RosboroughFreedom Photonics, 41 Aero Camino, Goleta, CA, USA.
Amirhassan Shams-AnsariJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
Xudong LiJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
Rebecca ChengJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-8954-9495
Kevin LukeFreedom Photonics, 41 Aero Camino, Goleta, CA, USA.
Kiyoul YangJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0587-3201
George BarbastathisDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4140-1404
Mian ZhangHyperLight Corporation, 675 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
Di ZhuDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0210-1860
Leif JohanssonFreedom Photonics, 41 Aero Camino, Goleta, CA, USA.
Andreas BelingDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, USA.
Neil SinclairJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
Marko LončarJohn A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA. loncar@seas.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5029-5017

Funding

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) 231180A/80NSSC22K0262National Research Foundation Singapore (National Research Foundation-Prime Minister's office, Republic of Singapore) NRF2022-QEP2-01-P07National Research Foundation Singapore (National Research Foundation-Prime Minister's office, Republic of Singapore) NRF-NRFF15-2023-0005National Science Foundation (NSF) OMA-2137723United States Department of Defense | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) HR0011-20-C-0137United States Department of Defense | United States Navy | ONR | Office of Naval Research Global (ONR Global) N00014-22-C-1041
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The surge in artificial intelligence applications calls for scalable, high-speed, and low-energy computation methods. Computing with photons is promising due to the intrinsic parallelism, high bandwidth, and low latency of photons. However, current photonic computing architectures are limited by the speed and energy consumption associated with electronic-to-optical data transfer, i.e., electro-optic conversion. Here, we demonstrate a thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) computing circuit that addresses this challenge, leveraging both highly efficient electro-optic modulation and the spatial scalability of TFLN photonics. Our circuit is capable of computing at 43.8 GOPS/channel while consuming 0.0576 pJ/OP, and we demonstrate various inference tasks with high accuracy, including the classification of binary data and complex images. Heightening the integration level, we show another TFLN computing circuit that is combined with a hybrid-integrated distributed-feedback laser and heterogeneous-integrated modified uni-traveling carrier photodiode. Our results show that the TFLN photonic platform holds promise to complement silicon photonics and diffractive optics for photonic computing, with extensions to ultrafast signal processing and ranging.

Identifiers

PMID40890103
PMCPMC12402124

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.