Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40888989›Full record

ArticleJournal of immigrant and minority health2026

U.S. Public Opinion About Immigration Enforcement in Sensitive Locations.

Christine Crudo Blackburn, Timothy Callaghan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of immigrant and minority health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Christine Crudo BlackburnTexas A&M University, College Station, USA. ccblackburn@tamu.edu.
Timothy CallaghanBoston University, Boston, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In 2011, the Director of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) issued a memorandum titled, "Enforcement Actions at or Focused on Sensitive Locations." The memorandum stated that immigration enforcement actions should not occur at specified sensitive locations, which included schools, healthcare facilities, places of worship, sites of public religious ceremony, and sites of public demonstration. These policies were rescinded in January 2025, creating the possibility of enforcement actions in these locations. The aim of this study was to investigate U.S. public opinion regarding immigration enforcement in sensitive locations. We conducted an online survey of 3,563 American adults with quotas implemented on gender, age, race, and geographic location. The survey ran from January 23 to February 3, 2025. 3,563 individuals completed the survey. Age and political identification were the most consistent predictors of support for rescinding sensitive locations policy, as well as in the belief that such enforcement would not deter care seeking. Sympathy towards immigrants was also a predictor of support for sensitive locations policy. Our findings suggest that the majority of Americans do not think that ICE's sensitive locations policy should be rescinded and believe that rescinding this policy will deter undocumented immigrants from seeking needed medical care for themselves and their children. A lack of support for rescinding this policy suggests that it should be reinstated, a move that would help to protect healthcare access for undocumented people and their families.

Indexed as

Emigrants and ImmigrantsEmigration and ImmigrationLaw EnforcementPublic OpinionAdolescentAdultAgedAge FactorsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited StatesYoung AdultHealthcare accessImmigrantsImmigration enforcementImmigration policySurvey

Identifiers

PMID40888989
PMCPMC12882844

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.