ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2025
Efficacy of adjuvant therapy regimens administered during the perioperative period in resectable non-small cell lung cancer.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Adjuvant-Phase Dilemma After Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy in Resectable NSCLC: Evidence and Response-Guided Strategies.Cancers · 2026Review
- Equivalence of neoadjuvant and perioperative therapies in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Is full adherence mandatory? Real-world outcomes of completing perioperative chemoimmunotherapy in resectable non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe aimed to contribute to the ongoing discussion regarding adjuvant treatment strategies following neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NCIT) and adjuvant immunotherapy (AIT) after upfront surgery (US) in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
methods317 patients were retrospectively included from 2019 to 2024. 285 received NCIT, while 32 received AIT after US. The patients were categorized into no-treatment (n = 46), chemotherapy (ChT) (n = 38), immunotherapy (IT) (n = 33), chemoimmunotherapy (ChIT) (n = 168), and US + AIT groups. Event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Groups were compared using the log-rank test. Subgroup analyses include stage, pathological response, and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression level. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline differences.
resultsThe median follow-up was 30.7 months. Before and after PSM, the IT and ChIT groups demonstrated better EFS compared with the no-treatment group. After PSM, EFS was significantly prolonged with IT and ChIT in patients who did not achieve a pathological complete response (pCR). In patients who achieved pCR, no benefit in EFS or OS was observed. Among patients with a PD-L1 expression of ≥ 1%, EFS was significantly improved with IT and ChIT compared with the no-treatment and US + AIT groups respectively. Similar EFS benefits for IT and ChIT were observed across stage IB-IIB and IIIA-IIIB subgroups.
conclusionAdjuvant IT or ChIT potentialy benefit patients with resectable NSCLC receiving NCIT, particularly those without pCR and with positive PD-L1 expression.
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