Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40888006›Full record

ReviewZoonoses and public health2025

Country-Level Canine Leishmaniosis Risk: A Literature Review, 2019-2023.

Samantha Swisher, Sheena Tarrant, Kaitlyn Krus, Francis Chu, Anne Carroll, Tucker Colvin, Jennifer J Fowler, Helen MacGregor, Kenneth Onyewurunwa, Sara Taetzsch and 3 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Zoonoses and public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Samantha SwisherDivision of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8511-8072
Sheena TarrantDivision of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Kaitlyn KrusDivision of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Francis ChuDivision of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5808-0081
Anne CarrollDivision of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Tucker ColvinDivision of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7853-8934
Jennifer J FowlerDivision of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6893-7172
Helen MacGregorDivision of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Kenneth OnyewurunwaDivision of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3325-2706
Sara TaetzschDivision of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Andrew AbbottDivision of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7314-916X
Anne StrailyDivision of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Emily PieracciDivision of Global Migration Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7735-6051

Funding

Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsDogs are the primary reservoir for Leishmania infantum, a zoonotic, vector-borne pathogen that causes severe disease in people and dogs. International movement of dogs represents a risk for the introduction of L. infantum into nonendemic countries. Knowing the Leishmania status of the countries a dog has visited allows veterinary and public health professionals to more accurately assess the dog's leishmaniosis risk and take appropriate public health action. The aim of this review was to create a centralised source of information on leishmaniosis risk at the country level to support such assessments.

methodsWe reviewed literature and reports published from 2019 to 2023 relating to canine leishmaniosis, L. infantum, and the distribution of sandflies. We developed a scoring system and assigned a risk category to each country, ranging from 'no evidence of risk' to 'high risk'.

resultsWe scored 91 countries as moderate or high risk, 107 as low risk or no evidence of risk and 44 had no data available. Among the countries scored, data availability was often limited.

conclusionsThis review represents a valuable centralised source of information on canine leishmaniosis risk to support public health assessments. Assessments would benefit from improved surveillance and reporting, especially systematic serosurveillance in dogs and inclusion of Leishmania species information in reports of human disease.

Indexed as

Dog DiseasesLeishmaniasisLeishmaniasis, VisceralAnimalsDogsHumansLeishmania infantumPsychodidaeZoonosescanine leishmaniosisdog importationleishmania infantumrisk assessment

Identifiers

PMID40888006
PMCPMC12414481

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.