ArticleBMC public health2025
Injury profiles and attitudes toward safety handling skills among emergency medical technicians: an integrated behavioral model analysis.
Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundManual handling injuries, particularly musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), are a leading occupational health concern for Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) globally, including Taiwan. Lower back injuries are prevalent, often resulting from labor-intensive patient-handling techniques. Despite their critical role, limited training, cultural barriers, and underreporting exacerbate these risks, necessitating targeted interventions.
methodsThis study analyzed manual handling practices among Taiwanese EMTs, focusing on injury prevalence, reporting behavior, training adequacy, and the use of ergonomic equipment. A structured questionnaire was employed. The Health Belief Model (HBM) and Transtheoretical Model (TTM) were applied to examine behavioral factors influencing safe handling practices, including perceived risks, benefits, and barriers.
resultsThe findings revealed a high prevalence of MSDs, with lower back injuries being the most common. Injuries occurred, on average, after 5.3 years of service, aligning with international data. Training was identified as insufficient, with Taiwanese EMTs receiving two hours compared to Victoria’s three-day programs. Behavioral analysis using HBM and TTM highlighted self-efficacy and perceived benefits as critical facilitators of safe practices, while perceived barriers and low susceptibility hindered adoption. Additionally, a lack of ergonomic tools and reliance on traditional methods increased injury risks.
conclusionsThe study underscores the urgent need for policy reforms, expanded training programs, and ergonomic equipment adoption to mitigate manual handling injuries among EMTs in Taiwan. Promoting a culture of safety and improving injury reporting mechanisms are essential. These findings provide a foundation for evidence-based interventions to enhance EMT well-being and operational safety.
trial registrationThis project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the En Chu Kong Hospital under number ECKIRB1130507. The date of approval is June 12th, 2024.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.