Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40885735›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Non-invasive action potential recordings using printed electrolyte-gated polymer field-effect transistors.

Adrica Kyndiah, Giulia Zoe Zemignani, Carlotta Ronchi, Gabriele Tullii, Aleksandr Khudiakov, Giuseppina Iachetta, Stefano Chiodini, Rosalia Moreddu, Fabrizio Antonio Viola, Peter J Schwartz and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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  4. Article
  5. An organic artificial cardiomyocyte.Nature communications · 2026
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Adrica Kyndiah *Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy. adrica.kyndiah@iit.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4668-6330
Giulia Zoe Zemignani *Center for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-9217-0188
Carlotta RonchiCenter for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy.
Gabriele TulliiCenter for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy.
Aleksandr KhudiakovIstituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9214-0868
Giuseppina IachettaPlasmon Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.
Stefano ChiodiniCenter for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy.
Rosalia MoredduPlasmon Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0332-1606
Fabrizio Antonio ViolaCenter for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8730-1118
Peter J SchwartzIstituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0367-1048
Gabriel GomilaNanoscale Bioelectrical Characterization Group, Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
Francesco De AngelisPlasmon Nanotechnologies, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6053-2488
Luca SalaIstituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Center for Cardiac Arrhythmias of Genetic Origin and Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genetics, Milan, Italy. luca.sala@auxologico.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4129-6632
Maria Rosa AntognazzaCenter for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4599-2384
Mario CaironiCenter for Nano Science and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milano, Italy. mario.caironi@iit.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0442-4439

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Scalable and high-throughput platforms to non-invasively record the Action Potentials (APs) of excitable cells are highly demanded to accelerate disease diagnosis and drug discovery. AP recordings are typically achieved with the invasive and low-throughput patch clamp technique. Non-invasive alternatives like planar multielectrode arrays cannot record APs without membrane poration, preventing accurate measurements of disease states and drug effects. Here, we disclose reliable and non-invasive recording of APs with patch clamp-like quality from human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes using an inkjet-printed polymer semiconductor in an Electrolyte-Gated Field-Effect Transistor configuration. High sensitivity is proven by the detection of drug-induced pro-arrhythmic membrane potential oscillations as early/delayed afterdepolarizations. The higher throughput potential of this platform could significantly enhance disease modelling, drug screening, safety pharmacology and the study of abiotic/biotic interfaces.

Indexed as

Action PotentialsMyocytes, CardiacPatch-Clamp TechniquesPolymersTransistors, ElectronicElectrolytesHumansSemiconductorsElectrolytesPolymers

Identifiers

PMID40885735
PMCPMC12398533

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.