Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40884544›Full record

ArticlePediatric surgery international2025

Clinical characteristics of pediatric acute epididymitis: a single institute review of 142 cases.

Ryoya Furugane, Tetsuya Mitsunaga, Shugo Komatsu, Ayako Takenouchi, Satoru Oita, Yunosuke Kawaguchi, Wataru Kudo, Katsuhiro Nishimura, Tomoro Hishiki

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric surgery international, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Acute scrotum a dilemma in a 21-month child: a case report.International journal of surgery case reports · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ryoya FuruganeDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
Tetsuya MitsunagaDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
Shugo KomatsuDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
Ayako TakenouchiDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
Satoru OitaDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
Yunosuke KawaguchiDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
Wataru KudoDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
Katsuhiro NishimuraDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan.
Tomoro HishikiDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan. hishiki@chiba-u.jp.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeAcute epididymitis (AE) is a common cause of scrotal pain and swelling in children; however, its etiology and risk factors for poor outcomes remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics and potential risk factors associated with poor AE outcomes.

methodsWe retrospectively reviewed pediatric patients with AE treated at our hospital. Clinical data, laboratory results, ultrasonographic findings, and treatment strategies were analyzed. We conducted comparative analyses to identify significant risk factors linked to poor outcomes.

resultsA total of 142 patients with a median age of 9 years were reviewed. Of these, 137 cases had favorable testicular outcomes, while five cases had poor outcomes, including three cases of testicular or epidydimal atrophy, one case of testicular necrosis, and one case of testicular necrosis and abscess. Fever (p = 0.001), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (p = 0.002), and decreased testicular blood flow on ultrasonography (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with poor testicular outcomes.

conclusionFever, CRP levels, and decreased testicular blood flow are risk factors for unfavorable testicular outcomes in pediatric patients with AE. Patients with these risk factors require careful monitoring and may benefit from aggressive management strategies.

Indexed as

EpididymitisAcute DiseaseAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolC-Reactive ProteinHumansInfantMaleRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsTestisUltrasonographyC-Reactive ProteinAcute epididymitisPediatricRisk factorsTesticular atrophyTesticular necrosis

Identifiers

PMID40884544
PMCPMC12398472

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.