ReviewJournal of sleep research2026
Sleep Slow Wave-Bistability and the Connection Between the Sleeping Brain and the Environment-Neurobiological Considerations.
Review in Journal of sleep research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Sleep Slow Wave-Bistability and the Connection Between the Sleeping Brain and the Environment-Neurobiological Considerations.Journal of sleep research · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to review the phenomenon of bistability, a basic working mode of NREM sleep. The perpetual oscillations between two opposite states in sleep slow waves, K-complexes as well as in the Cyclic Alternating Pattern (CAP) on a different time scale; appear spontaneously and can also be elicited by sensory stimulation, representing a response of the sleeping brain. Although there is extensive literature on bistability, its significance remains obscure. In this paper, spontaneous and elicited bistable patterns are reviewed and the global presence of bistable oscillations in NREM sleep is highlighted. We discuss the relationship of bistability with sleep homeostasis and the overlap with the CAP, with emphasis on A1 phase. We collect data along the hypothesis that bistability would provide a perpetual and flexible interface between the sleeping brain and the environment across the night, protecting the continuity of sleep and, in parallel, preserving the brain's adaptive connection with the environment.
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Registered trials
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