Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40883831›Full record

ArticleInjury epidemiology2025

Multidisciplinary lethal means safety counseling design and implementation: training and identifying barriers in a children's hospital.

Cassandra L Stegall, Brendon Carnell, Jamie M Golden, Rupa Kapoor, John H Fanton, Paul C Mullan, Alexandra P Leader

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Injury epidemiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Cassandra L StegallDepartment of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. clstegall92@gmail.com.
Brendon CarnellEastern Virginia Medical School at Old Dominion University, 825 Fairfax Ave, Norfolk, VA, 23507, USA.
Jamie M GoldenDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, 601 Children's Lane, Norfolk, VA, 23507, USA.
Rupa KapoorDepartment of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, CAMC Women and Children's Hospital, 800 Pennsylvania Ave N, Charleston, WV, 25302, USA.
John H FantonDepartment of Psychiatry, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, 601 Children's Lane, Norfolk, VA, 23507, USA.
Paul C MullanDepartment of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, 601 Children's Lane, Norfolk, VA, 23507, USA.
Alexandra P LeaderDepartment of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital of the King's Daughters, 601 Children's Lane, Norfolk, VA, 23507, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAccess to lethal means contributes significantly to suicide completion. Lethal means safety counseling (LMSC) is an injury prevention strategy to limit access to firearms, medications, and other means of injury. Not previously evaluated in the trauma setting, this study aims to design and implement a standardized LMSC protocol for pediatric patient discharge education in emergency (ED), trauma, and inpatient psychiatry settings.

methodsA single-center quality improvement study at an academic pediatric urban tertiary Level-one trauma center was performed from July 2023 to February 2024. Protocol was implemented for pediatric patients discharged from three departments: ED, surgery trauma service, and psychiatry. Interventions included electronic medical record (EMR) based LMSC screening questions, training with Counseling on Access to Lethal Means (CALM) module, a de novo educational training video, and providing families free cable gun locks and medicine lock boxes. Healthcare collaborators completed pre- and post-training surveys. Data was recorded in Redcap and analyzed as descriptive and parametric data. Primary outcome was incorporation of LMSC and intervention into social worker's workflow. Secondary outcomes included project barriers and outcomes, familial impression of counseling, and healthcare provider impression of intervention.

resultsOut of forty-eight persons, 29 providers completed the pre-training survey and 17 completed the post-training survey. Results indicated increased discussions with caregivers about safe medicine storage comparing averages of pre and post-test results (mean difference 0.44, 95% CI 0.05-0.83, p = 0.029), but no differences in discussions about safe firearm storage (mean difference 0.50, 95% CI - 0.05-1.05, p = 0.07) or knives (mean difference 0.56, 95% CI 0.05-1.18 p = 0.07). Provider behavior changes occurred with increased clinical frequency of cable gun lock distribution.

conclusionsThis study describes implementing a standardized LMSC protocol in three pediatric hospital departments with self-reported provider improvements in LMSC. Barriers identified to protocol implementation are an opportunity to improve future preventative patient care.

Indexed as

FirearmsInjury preventionLethal meansMental healthSuicide

Identifiers

PMID40883831
PMCPMC12395793

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.