Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40880821›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in psychology2025

Achieving our highest potential through character development (Husn-i-Akhlaaq): an Islamic perspective on holistic personality development, spiritual growth and human flourishing.

Uzma Gillani, Muhammad Jahanzeb Khan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Uzma GillaniDepartment of Psychology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Muhammad Jahanzeb KhanDepartment of Psychology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This article proposes a theoretical framework for human personality development based on Husn-i-Akhlaaq, the Islamic model of character refinement as the key to achieving one's highest potential (Self-Actualization). Islam designates human beings as Allah's viceregents on Earth, yet this status is not inherent; it is realized through a structured process of moral and spiritual growth. Drawing from Islamic thought, particularly Rumi's Universal Man and Iqbal's Mard-i-Momin, we argue that personal perfection is not just an abstract or metaphysical state but a measurable and attainable goal. This theory integrates the Ruh (Soul), Qalb (Heart), and Nafs (Self) as essential faculties in character formation, positioning Husn-i-Akhlaaq as playing a pivotal role in this holistic framework for personality development. We hypothesize that this model not only fosters spiritual excellence but also has direct implications for psychological resilience, emotional wellbeing, and overall human flourishing. By bridging Islamic teachings with contemporary psychological discourse, this article advances a structured, interdisciplinary approach to character education and character development, emphasizing its potential applications in physical health, mental health, personal growth, and social transformation.

Indexed as

character developmenthighest potentialholistic personality developmenthuman flourishingmental healthphysical healthsocial transformationspiritual growth

Identifiers

PMID40880821
PMCPMC12380808

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.