Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40880743›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2025

Hydration behaviors, knowledge, and attitudes among Chinese recreational marathon runners: a cross-sectional study.

Jingyi Zhang, Yan Chen, Xueyuan Zhao, Xiangxin Li, Wei Wen, Wenqiang Wu, Menghui Zou, Junqiang Qiu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jingyi ZhangSchool of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Yan ChenExercise Science School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Xueyuan ZhaoSchool of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Xiangxin LiExercise Science School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Wei WenExercise Science School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Wenqiang WuSchool of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Menghui ZouSchool of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Junqiang QiuExercise Science School, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess fluid replenishment behaviors, knowledge, and attitudes among Chinese recreational marathon runners and to inform future health education strategies regarding optimal hydration. Design: The survey was conducted between January and December 2024. Based on previously validated questionnaires, the instrument was adapted and administered to assess hydration behaviors, knowledge, and attitudes among marathon participants in major road races across China. A total of 461 valid responses were collected, including 357 male participants (38.9 ± 9.3 years) and 104 female participants (39.5 ± 8.9 years), representing a range of athletic performance levels. The response rate was 94.9%. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 27.0 and Microsoft Excel. Result: Over 70% of runners (72.5%) failed to meet recommended daily fluid intake standards ( Conclusion: These findings indicate that over half of recreational marathon runners are at risk of dehydration, highlighting that a lack of knowledge poses a dilemma for some runners who fall into a dehydrated state. This underscores the need for targeted education and awareness programs on scientific hydration knowledge and attitudes among recreational marathon runners to improve their health and athletic performance.

Indexed as

hydration knowledgehydration practicesmarathonrecreational runnersrehydration

Identifiers

PMID40880743
PMCPMC12380549

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.