ArticleEndocrine connections2025
Longitudinal analysis of serum alpha-fetoprotein in stable and progressive metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours.
Article in Endocrine connections, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prognostic and Predictive Significance of Selected Gene Mutations in Pancreatic and Intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Alpha-Fetoprotein Is a Potential Biomarker for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC): A Case Report.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Beyond conventional biomarkers: the role of alpha-fetoprotein in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are a heterogeneous group of rare neoplasms arising from neuroendocrine cells, most commonly found in the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. Despite novel diagnostic techniques, identifying reliable biomarkers for NETs still remains a challenge. Objectives: Our study explores the diagnostic, monitoring and prognostic value of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in pancreatic NETs. Materials and methods: We recruited 41 adult patients diagnosed with liver metastatic non-functioning pancreatic NETs. Serum AFP levels were assessed at three-month intervals over a span of four years. For comparative purposes, we analysed data in relation to sex, age, liver tumour burden (LTB; <10%, 10-25%), tumour grade based on the WHO 2022 classification (G1, G2), and treatment response on baseline as defined by RECIST 1.1 criteria (SD - stable disease, PD - progressive disease). Every patient underwent treatment with somatostatin analogues during the study period. Results: Elevated AFP concentrations showed a continuous upward trend across all participants and were significantly associated with indicators of more aggressive disease: greater liver tumour burden (10-25%, p < 0.001), higher tumour grade (G2, p < 0.001), and progression of disease (PD, p < 0.001). No statistically significant differences in AFP levels were observed in relation to age or sex. Conclusion: AFP consistently increases in patients with progressive pancreatic NETs compared to patients with stable disease on baseline. Potential utility of AFP measurements requires further follow-up studies, especially as a prognostic biomarker.
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