SynthesisClinical cardiology2025
Prevalence of Pulmonary Hypertension in Individuals With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Clinical cardiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Pulmonary hypertension aetiologies in different parts of the world.International journal of cardiology. Congenital heart disease · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsHeart failure (HF) is a leading cause of hospitalizations worldwide. HF can lead to pulmonary hypertension (PH) and co-occurrence of HF and PH is associated with a poor prognosis. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to estimate the prevalence of PH in patients with HF.
methodsWe searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for studies reporting the prevalence of PH amongst HF patients. A meta-analysis of PH prevalence, including subgroup analyses, was conducted using a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions by comorbidities and patient characteristics were done. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool.
resultsFifty-four papers with 259 665 HF patients were included, of which 46 004 also had PH. The overall PH prevalence estimate in individuals with HF is 46.6% (95% CI: 39.6%-53.7%). Prevalence varied by diagnostic method, with studies using right heart catheterization reporting the highest estimates (62.5%; 52.0%-72.0%), hospital recorded data the lowest (18.4%; 14.4%-23.3%), and echocardiography 45.7% (37.1%-54.6%). Prevalence was higher in HF with preserved (47.2%; 34.8%-60.0%) than reduced ejection fraction (35.7%; 22.6%-51.3%). Prospective studies show higher estimates (60.1%; 50.7%-68.8%) than retrospective studies (37.3%; 29.5%-45.9%).
conclusionsThis is the first systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the prevalence of PH in HF patients and shows that the prevalence of PH in this patient population is strikingly high. There is notable variability in estimates reported by different studies, largely attributed to differences in the diagnostic method of PH. Future studies with robust, standardized methodologies are needed to estimate prevalence more accurately.
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