ArticleDrug testing and analysis2025
Post-Mortem Identification and Toxicological Findings of Fluetonitazepyne and Isotonitazepyne.
Article in Drug testing and analysis, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Investigation of the In Vitro and In Vivo Metabolism and μ-Opioid Receptor Affinity of the Nitazene N-Pyrrolidino Fluetonitazene.Drug testing and analysis · 2026Article
- Identification and Characterization of the Designer Opioid N-Pyrrolidino Fluetonitazene in Nasal Spray.Drug testing and analysis · 2026Article
- Post-Mortem Identification and Toxicological Findings of Fluetonitazepyne and Isotonitazepyne.Drug testing and analysis · 2025Article
- Nitazenes: The Emergence of a Potent Synthetic Opioid Threat.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nitazepyne-type substances, such as fluetonitazepyne and isotonitazepyne, are among the latest additions to the group of nitazenes-highly potent and dangerous opioids that have emerged on the illicit drug market in recent years. In early 2025, five death cases in Finland tested positive for fluetonitazepyne and one for isotonitazepyne in urine drug screening. The median (range) concentration of fluetonitazepyne in post-mortem femoral blood was 1.7 (0.4-9.5) μg/L, and the concentration of isotonitazepyne was 1.4 μg/L. Other psychoactive substances were detected in all cases. A peak corresponding to O-dealkylated fluetonitazepyne, the 4-OH-nitazepyne metabolite, was present in all fluetonitazepyne-positive urine samples and was later used in the identification of isotonitazepyne in one fatal case. This metabolite proved useful as a marker compound for nitazepyne-type benzimidazole opioids in a urine screening.
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Registered trials
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