ArticleJournal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons2025
Isolated bilateral temporalis hypertrophy: a rare case report and technical insight into botulinum toxin type A injection.
Article in Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Isolated bilateral temporalis muscle hypertrophy (IBTMH) is a rare clinical condition characterized by symmetrical enlargement of the temporalis muscles without masseter involvement. This case report presents a 47-year-old male with progressive bilateral temporal swelling and discomfort during mastication, significantly affecting his quality of life. Clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed homogenous enlargement of the temporalis muscles with no underlying pathology. The patient was treated with botulinum toxin type A (BTxA) injections in two sessions, following anatomical landmarks and established guidelines to ensure safety and efficacy. Post-treatment follow-ups revealed significant improvement in symptoms and normalization of temporal contours, with MRI confirming muscle volume reduction. This case contributes to the limited literature on IBTMH and supports BTxA as a safe, non-invasive, and effective treatment modality. It also underscores the need for standardized injection techniques to minimize complications in the anatomically complex temporal region. Further case reports and research are essential to improve clinical understanding and guide best practices for diagnosis and management of this rare entity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.