ArticleBMC oral health2025
Global, regional, and national burden of caries in primary teeth from 1990 to 2021: results from the global burden of disease study 2021.
Article in BMC oral health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Direct, Indirect, and Intangible Costs in the Management of Dental Caries in Children Under 18: A Systematic Review.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Prevent, Promote, PromulgateChildren (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Clinical and Biological Evaluation of Chemo-Mechanical Caries Excavation with Brix 3000 in Primary Molars: An 18-Month Prospective Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- A biomimetic urchin-like photothermal nanoplatform for the efficient eradication ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Developmental ecology of the infant oral ecosystem: a framework for early childhood caries.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Review
- Is oral health-related quality of life of preschool children affected by the severity of early childhood caries?Frontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Use of Amalgam and Composite Restorations Among 12-Year-Old Children in Israel: A Retrospective Study.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence of dental caries among children attending public versus private schools: A cross-sectional comparative analysis.Bioinformation · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the disease burden of caries in primary teeth across global, 21 regions, and 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021.
methodsData on caries in primary teeth from 1990 to 2021 were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 Study. The global incidence, prevalence of caries in primary teeth associated disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were analyzed. The burden of the disease and temporal trends were quantified by calculating the age-standardized rate (ASR) and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs). To evaluate the distributional disparities in the burden of caries in primary teeth, the slope index of inequality (SII) was used. Additionally, a frontier analysis was performed to pinpoint areas for improvement and examine disparities between countries according to their levels of development.
resultsFrom 1990 to 2021, the ASR of incidence, prevalence, and DALYs declined globally. In 2021, Eastern Europe had the highest ASR for the incidence and DALYs of caries in primary teeth, with Romania being the country bearing the greatest disease burden. The burden of caries in primary teeth was negatively associated with sociodemographic index (SDI) across the 21 GBD regions. The SII of each indicator decreased from 1990 to 2021. Many countries, regardless of their level of development, have considerable potential to reduce the burden of caries in primary teeth.
conclusionThe global burden of caries in primary teeth is in a state of alleviation. However, health inequalities in caries in primary teeth related to SDI have continued for over 30 years. The high burden of caries in primary teeth is concentrated in low- and middle-income countries. Active and effective prevention and strong management strategies are needed in specific regions to reduce the burden of caries in primary teeth and achieve equity in health outcomes.
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