ArticleSurgical endoscopy2025
The safety and feasibility of telerobotic cholecystectomy via a 5G network: a prospective controlled clinical trial.
Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Early clinical experience with the Toumai robotic system in general surgery: a systematic review of short-term outcomes and telesurgical applications.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Perioperative outcomes of remote robot-assisted cholecystectomy: a single-arm meta-analysis.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Clinical application of robotic telesurgery in the Brazilian public health system: a consecutive case series.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Feasibility of robotic telesurgery over wired and private 5 G networks within Brazil's public health system (SUS): a pilot study.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Comparative outcomes of Toumai robotic and laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair in a retrospective cohort.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- From 5G smart hospitals to 6G-enabled learning hospitals: a governance-oriented framework for healthcare technology, policy, and responsible deployment.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Review
- Remote detection of the critical view of safety in pediatric laparoscopic cholecystectomy using artifitial intelligence.World journal of pediatric surgery · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSince advances in the fifth-generation (5G) communication technology have effectively facilitated the development of robotic telesurgery, the popularity of telerobotic operations has increased. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of robotic telecholecystectomy with a 5G wireless network using a new domestic robotic surgical system.
methodsThis study is a prospective controlled clinical trial. From 2023, our center conducted two independent prospective clinical trials using the Toumai® laparoscopic surgical robot. The 5G remote robotic cholecystectomy clinical trial was conducted from May to August 2023 and included a total of 20 patients in the remote group. The local robotic general surgical trial was conducted from June 2023 to October 2023 and included a total of 20 patients undergoing cholecystectomy in the local group. The surgical success rate (intraoperative and within 24 h postoperatively) was the primary endpoint, and the docking time, console time, intraoperative blood loss, complications, postoperative hospitalization days, delay time in the network, and packet loss were used as the secondary endpoints.
resultsThe surgical success rates in the two groups were 95 and 100%. Compared with the local group, the remote group had a significantly shorter docking time (7.6 ± 2.5 vs. 9.9 ± 3.4 min, p = 0.02). No statistical differences in console time, intraoperative blood loss, and hospitalization time were observed (p > 0.05). The 5G communication network remained stable throughout all procedures, with consistent metrics for latency, jitter, and bandwidth as monitored by the technical team. The communication environment was stable, and the average network delay time was 43.4 ms, network jitter was 4 ms, the upload rate was 98.3 Mbps, the download rate was 213 Mbps, and packet loss < 1% as monitored by the clinical engineers.
conclusionsRobotic telecholecystectomy based on 5G communication technology can be performed with a level of safety and efficacy comparable to that of local robotic surgery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.