SynthesisBMJ open2025
Primary care clinician education interventions for improving blood pressure control for people prescribed antihypertensive treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reclassification of office blood pressure categories according to the 2024 European Society of Cardiology guidelines and its implications for clinical practice in primary care: a cross-sectional study.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Primary care provider's barriers to effective management of apparently resistant hypertension in Malaysian public primary health care and strategies to overcome them: a qualitative study.BMC primary care · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionHalf of people treated for hypertension are not controlled to target; clinician education may improve effective antihypertensive use.
objectivesTo systematically review and synthesise evidence from 2010 to 2024 on primary care clinician education interventions for improving blood pressure (BP) control in people on antihypertensive treatment.
designSystematic literature review. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL were searched in January 2024.
settingPrimary care.
participantsPrimary care clinicians and patients with hypertension.
interventionsRandomised controlled trials from 2010 to 2024 of clinician education interventions, based in primary care and reporting BP change pre-intervention versus post-intervention, were included. The primary outcome was post-intervention difference in systolic BP (SBP). The secondary outcome was change in the proportion of participants with BP controlled to target. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Abstracts were screened by four researchers; then, data were extracted from selected studies using a pre-designed proforma. Bias was assessed using the Cochrane collaboration's risk of bias tool. Results were synthesised using meta-analysis and intervention content was narratively analysed.
resultsA total of 73 full-text articles were screened for eligibility, of which 5 met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed no evidence of benefit (SBP reduction of -1.24 mm Hg (95% CI -3.95 to 1.47)). Of note, all bar one study reported inconclusive results. Further analysis of included studies suggested that benefit may be more likely for interventions of longer duration, involving more frequent follow-up and targeting higher risk patients.
conclusionsCurrent available evidence indicates clinician education interventions are unlikely to improve BP control in primary care when used in isolation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.