ArticleJournal of veterinary internal medicine
Environmental Chemical Exposures in Boxer Dogs With Multicentric Lymphoma.
Article in Journal of veterinary internal medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Genotoxic exposures to volatile organic compounds in golden retrievers with and without multicentric lymphoma.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Environmental Chemical Exposures in Boxer Dogs With Multicentric Lymphoma.Journal of veterinary internal medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMulticentric lymphoma (ML) in dogs has similar clinical features to human non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). NHL has been linked to herbicides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), direct exposures to these chemicals have not been evaluated in ML. HYPOTHESIS/
objectivesML in pet dogs was associated with herbicide and VOC exposures. ANIMALS: Twenty pet boxer dogs with ML and 20 unaffected pet boxer dogs enrolled across the United States between 2021 and 2024.
methodsProspective case-control study. Dog owners completed an environmental questionnaire and submitted dog urine, drinking water, and household air samples for analysis of the herbicides 2,4-D, glyphosate, and atrazine and the VOCs benzene, 1,3 butadiene, and trichloroethylene. Area Deprivation Indices (ADI) and USDA Rural-Urban Continuum Codes (RUCC) were assigned to all dogs based on home address.
resultsBoxers with ML were more likely to live in more urban counties (median RUCC 1, range 1-6 for cases, vs. median 2, range 1-8 for controls; p = 0.032). Urinary concentrations of the benzene metabolite S-phenylmercapturic acid (PHMA) were higher in dogs with ML (median 1.03 ng/mg creat, range 0.00-1.53) compared to control dogs (0.54 ng/mg creat, range 0.09-4.73; p = 0.031). Odds ratios for exposure to the benzene metabolite MUCA were higher in cases vs. controls, even when controlled for urbanicity (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02; p = 0.035). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: ML in boxers might be associated with benzene exposures. If this association is causative, indoor benzene exposures could be remediated with activated carbon air filtration and certain house plants.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.