Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40874389›Full record

Trial reportJournal of cosmetic dermatology2025

Efficacy of a Topical Lanolin-Beeswax-Olive Oil Blend (RepoGen Cream) in Preventing Nipple Fissures in Breastfeeding Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Seyde Zeinab Modarresy, Reza Sattarpour, Parvaneh Sadeghimoghadam, Fatemeh Mollarahimi Maleki, Susan Belar, Azam Mohsennejad Saniani, Batool Sadat Hashemi, Maryam Noori

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of cosmetic dermatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Seyde Zeinab ModarresyClinical Research of Development Unit, Hazrat-e Fateme Masoume Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Reza SattarpourBreastFeeding Research Center, Family Health Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9588-4384
Parvaneh SadeghimoghadamBreastFeeding Research Center, Family Health Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Fatemeh Mollarahimi MalekiClinical Research of Development Unit, Hazrat-e Fateme Masoume Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Susan BelarClinical Research of Development Unit, Hazrat-e Fateme Masoume Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Azam Mohsennejad SanianiClinical Research of Development Unit, Hazrat-e Fateme Masoume Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Batool Sadat HashemiClinical Research of Development Unit, Hazrat-e Fateme Masoume Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran.
Maryam NooriNetwork of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesPharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for nipple fissures have been investigated, with a variety of options yielding promising outcomes. Herbal treatments have also shown effectiveness, albeit with contradictory outcomes. Our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a topical blend containing lanolin, beeswax, and olive oil (RepoGen cream) in nipple fissure relief. MATERIAL AND

methodsThis study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical experiment conducted at a teaching hospital in Qom, Iran, between March 2023 and 2024. Participants were mothers with singleton pregnancies who intended to breastfeed their newborns. The intervention group applied RepoGen cream to the nipple area before and after breastfeeding, while the control group applied placebo cream with no active ingredients. At 3 and 7 days postpartum, women and newborns were evaluated for nipple complications and breastfeeding behaviors and function.

resultsA total of 133 mother-infant dyads were enrolled, with 63 assigned to the RepoGen group and 70 to the control group. The RepoGen group demonstrated significantly lower nipple pain on both Day 3 (63.5% vs. 42.9%, p < 0.001) and Day 7 (84.1% vs. 71.4%, p = 0.01). The incidence of nipple wounds was also significantly reduced in the intervention group at both time points. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed significantly lower odds of nipple pain, redness, wounds, and bleeding in the RepoGen group on Day 3, with sustained reductions in redness and wounds on Day 7. Although feeding frequency did not differ significantly between groups, the RepoGen group exhibited a significantly lower number of wet diapers on both days (p < 0.001). No maternal or neonatal adverse effects were reported throughout the study period.

conclusionThe current study confirmed the effectiveness of RepoGen cream for routine care in relieving nipple fissure symptoms among breastfeeding mothers without causing adverse effects. These findings suggest that RepoGen is a safe and effective intervention for improving maternal breastfeeding comfort during the early postpartum period.

Indexed as

Breast FeedingLanolinNipplesOlive OilWaxesAdministration, CutaneousAdultDouble-Blind MethodDrug CombinationsFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornIranPainSkin CreamTreatment OutcomebeeswaxDrug CombinationsLanolinOlive OilWaxesbeeswaxbreastfeedinglanolinnipple fissuresolive oilrandomized controlled trialwound healing

Identifiers

PMID40874389
PMCPMC12392246

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.