ReviewVaccines2025
Freeze-Drying of mRNA-LNPs Vaccines: A Review.
Review in Vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- mRNA Therapeutics Beyond Infectious Diseases: Expanding Therapeutic Applications and Future Perspectives.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Review
- Next-Generation Nanocarrier Platforms for RNA Vaccines: Advances in Formulation, Stability Engineering, and Translational Manufacturing Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Review
- mRNA Vaccines for Influenza: Hope for a Universal Vaccine?BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Storage Buffer Composition Impacts Internal Structure, Freeze-Thaw Stability, and Transfection Efficiency of mRNA-Lipid Nanoparticles.ACS nano · 2026Article
- Analytical Characterization and Stability Assessment of RNA-Based Vaccines.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Formulation Characteristics of Solid-Dispersible Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems for Dual Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Vaccine Adjuvants and Delivery Systems: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Emerging Non-Conventional Approaches in mRNA-LNP Formulation for Therapeutic Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Next-generation neoantigen mRNA vaccines: Immuno-engineering strategies for precision cancer immunotherapy.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Article
- Ambient-Stable mRNA Medicines: Emerging Paradigms in Dry and Solid-State Formulation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- mRNA based vaccines and therapeutics for parasitic infections: a comprehensive review.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- mRNA vaccine platforms and novel delivery systems: From mechanistic principles to clinical translation.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The instability of mRNA vaccines presents significant challenges for their storage, transportation, and large-scale distribution, particularly in resource-limited countries. Recently, freeze-drying (lyophilization) has been considered as a promising approach for preserving mRNA vaccine efficacy. This formulation technique enhances the long-term stability of mRNA vaccines by converting them into a stable dry powder. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the progress of freeze-drying techniques for mRNA vaccines, with emphasis on the associated challenges. This review highlights the factors influencing the stability of freeze-dried mRNA vaccines and provides a comprehensive overview of the formulation components, including excipients, buffers, and surfactants, as well as the process parameters and storage conditions that aim to improve stability and shelf-life. By providing these insights, this review supports the advancement of more robust, scalable, and efficient lyophilization protocols, ultimately addressing the stability limitations of mRNA vaccines and enhancing their global accessibility.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.