ArticleVeterinary sciences2025
Evaluation of Depth of Anesthesia Sleep Quality in Swine Undergoing Hernia Repair: Effects of Romifidine/Ketamine-Diazepam Protocols with and Without Tramadol and the Potential Role of Serotonin as a Biomarker.
Article in Veterinary sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Preoperative Tapentadol Enhances the Depth of Anesthesia-Induced Sleep, Recovery Profile, and Serotonergic Modulation in Dogs Undergoing Ovariectomy with Propofol-Sevoflurane Anesthesia.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Betulinic Acid Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Kidney Inflammatory Injury by Suppressing PANoptosis in Weaned Piglets.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Electrocardiographic and echocardiographic profiles of white-lipped peccaries (Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Associations between canine temperament and salivary concentrations of cortisol and serotonin.PloS one · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Sedation and anesthesia are essential for ensuring animal welfare during surgical procedures such as hernia repair in swine. However, the number of sedative and anesthetic agents officially approved for livestock use remained limited. This study evaluated the sedative efficacy and serotonergic effects of a romifidine/ketamine/diazepam protocol, with and without the addition of tramadol, in swine undergoing umbilical hernia repair. Sixty-six crossbred Large White swine were randomly allocated to three groups: LL (lidocaine 4 mg/kg by infiltration), LT (lidocaine 2 mg/kg by infiltration + tramadol 2 mg/kg intraperitoneally), and TT (lidocaine2 mg/kg by infiltration + tramadol 4 mg/kg intraperitoneally). The physiological parameters heart rate, arterial pressure, oxygen saturation, rectal body temperature, and respiratory rate were assessed. The depth of intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative sedation was assessed using an ordinal scoring system (0-3). Plasma serotonin (5-HT) concentration was measured at baseline and 24 h post-surgery. Physiological parameters remained within species-specific reference ranges throughout the procedure. Anesthesia depth scores significantly decreased over time in all groups (
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