Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40872287›Full record

SynthesisPathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Resistance of Gram-Negative Bacteria to Cefepime-Enmetazobactam: A Systematic Review.

Matthew E Falagas, Laura T Romanos, Dimitrios S Kontogiannis, Katerina Tsiara, Stylianos A Kakoullis

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Proposed Risk of Bias Assessment Tool forPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  3. Managing skin infections in burn patients: principles and pitfalls.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Matthew E FalagasAlfa Institute of Biomedical Sciences (AIBS), 9 Neapoleos Street, Marousi, 151 23 Athens, Greece.
Laura T RomanosAlfa Institute of Biomedical Sciences (AIBS), 9 Neapoleos Street, Marousi, 151 23 Athens, Greece.
Dimitrios S KontogiannisAlfa Institute of Biomedical Sciences (AIBS), 9 Neapoleos Street, Marousi, 151 23 Athens, Greece.
Katerina TsiaraAlfa Institute of Biomedical Sciences (AIBS), 9 Neapoleos Street, Marousi, 151 23 Athens, Greece.
Stylianos A KakoullisSchool of Medicine, European University Cyprus, 6 Diogenous Str., 2404 Nicosia, Cyprus.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cefepime-enmetazobactam is a novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination showing good activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria producing a variety of β-lactamases. In this systematic review, we aimed to evaluate the available data on resistance to this drug. We performed a thorough search of four databases (Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science), as well as backward citation searching, to identify studies containing data on resistance to cefepime-enmetazobactam. The data were extracted and analyzed according to the breakpoints established by the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), or the specific breakpoints reported by the authors of the respective studies. Analysis based on the type of lactamases produced by the isolates was also performed. Ten studies reported in vitro susceptibility testing and mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance. The total number of isolates was 15,408. The activity of cefepime-enmetazobactam against β-lactamase-producing isolates was variable. The resistance of the studied extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and ampicillin C β-lactamase (AmpC)-producing isolates was low (0-2.8% and 0%, respectively). The resistance was higher among oxacillinase-48 β-lactamase (OXA-48)-producing and

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsBarbituratesbeta-Lactamase InhibitorsCefepimeCephalosporinsDrug Resistance, BacterialDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialGram-Negative BacteriaAzabicyclo Compoundsbeta-LactamasesGram-Negative Bacterial InfectionsHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsTriazolesAnti-Bacterial AgentsAzabicyclo CompoundsBarbituratesbeta-Lactamase Inhibitorsbeta-LactamasesCefepimeCephalosporinsenmetazobactamTriazolesAcinerobacter baumanniicefepimecefepime-enmetazobactamenmetazobactamEnterobacteralesEscherichia coliKlebsiella pneumoniaelactose non-fermenting Gram-negativemetallo-β-lactamasesPseudomonas aeruginosaβ-lactamases

Identifiers

PMID40872287
PMCPMC12389057

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.