Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40872286›Full record

ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Osage Orange (

Milica Nenadovich, Molly Kubal, Maci R Hopp, Abigail D Crawford, Megan E Hardewig, Madison G Sedlock, Rida Jawad, Zarrar A Khan, Adrianna M Smith, Mia A Mroueh and 8 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Milica NenadovichDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.ORCID 0009-0004-4478-3286
Molly KubalDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-7839-9043
Maci R HoppDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.
Abigail D CrawfordDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.
Megan E HardewigDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.
Madison G SedlockDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.
Rida JawadDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.
Zarrar A KhanDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.
Adrianna M SmithDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.
Mia A MrouehDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.
Matthew DuBravaDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.
Ellie C JonesDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.
Cael RaheDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.
Sean T BerthrongDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.
Anne M WilsonClowes Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0463-0280
Michael P TrombleyDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.
Ashlee H TietjeDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-9205-0463
Christopher C StobartDepartment of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1729-9769

Funding

Holcomb Awards Committee - Butler University 028569
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance and the limited availability of antiviral therapeutics for pathogens such as human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) underscore the need for novel, plant-derived antimicrobial substances. In this study, we evaluated the antiproliferative, antibacterial, and antiviral activities of aqueous leaf extracts from two plants commonly found in North America, Osage orange (

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsAntiviral AgentsPlant ExtractsPlant LeavesRespiratory Syncytial Virus, HumanEscherichia coliHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsStaphylococcus aureusVirus ReplicationAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntiviral AgentsPlant Extractsantibacterialantiviralcancerphytochemistryrespiratory syncytial virus

Identifiers

PMID40872286
PMCPMC12389287

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.