ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Visual Quantitative Characterization of External Corrosion in 3LPE Coated Pipes Based on Microwave Near-Field Reflectometry and Phase Unwrapping.
Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Three-layer polyethylene (3LPE) coated steel pipelines are currently the preferred solution for global oil and gas transmission. However, external corrosion beneath the 3LPE coating poses a serious threat to pipeline operations. The pressing concern for pipeline safety and integrity involves non-destructive evaluation techniques for the non-invasive and quantitative interrogation of such defects. This study therefore explores linear frequency-sweeping microwave near-field non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques for imaging and evaluating the pitting corrosion beneath 3LPE coating. An improved branch-cut method is proposed for the high-precision phase unwrapping of the microwave phase image sequence, and its superiority over traditional methods in terms of accuracy and robustness is validated. A background subtraction method based on kernel density estimation (KDE) is presented to suppress the lift-off effect on the pipeline geometry. In addition, the principal-component-analysis-wavelet-based principal component extraction and fusion enhance the detection signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and image contrast, while mitigating the annular artifacts around the corrosion. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach for the detection, imaging, and characterization of external corrosion beneath the 3LPE coating of pipelines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.