Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40871922›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Real-Time Detection of Distracted Walking Using Smartphone IMU Sensors with Personalized and Emotion-Aware Modeling.

Ha-Eun Kim, Da-Hyeon Park, Chan-Ho An, Myeong-Yoon Choi, Dongil Kim, Youn-Sik Hong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ha-Eun KimDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0009-0003-5861-1365
Da-Hyeon ParkDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0009-0005-9107-5378
Chan-Ho AnDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0009-0003-3327-9570
Myeong-Yoon ChoiDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0009-0009-6750-6333
Dongil KimDepartment of Physics, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0009-0004-4102-3548
Youn-Sik HongDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-1313-1945

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study introduces GaitX, a real-time pedestrian behavior recognition system that leverages only the built-in sensors of a smartphone eliminating the need for external hardware. The system is capable of detecting abnormal walking behavior, such as using a smartphone while walking, regardless of whether the device is handheld or pocketed. GaitX applies multivariate time-series features derived from accelerometer data, using ensemble machine learning models like XGBoost and Random Forest for classification. Experimental validation across 21 subjects demonstrated an average classification accuracy of 92.3%, with notably high precision (97.1%) in identifying distracted walking. In addition to real-time detection, the system explores the link between gait variability and psychological traits by integrating MBTI personality profiling, revealing the potential for emotion-aware mobility analytics. Our findings offer a scalable, cost-effective solution for mobile safety applications and personalized health monitoring.

Indexed as

EmotionsSmartphoneWalkingAccelerometryAdultAlgorithmsFemaleGaitHumansMachine LearningMaledistracted walking detectiongait recognitionpersonalized machine learningreal-time activity monitoringsmartphone sensors

Identifiers

PMID40871922
PMCPMC12390545

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.