Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40871587›Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Investigation on Fuel Quality and Combustion Characteristics of Blended Fuel (Biomass and Lignite) Derived from Low-Temperature Co-Upgradation.

Ning Liu, Bohao Bai, Xu Yang, Zhuozhi Wang, Boxiong Shen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ning LiuSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
Bohao BaiSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
Xu YangSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
Zhuozhi WangSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7378-7997
Boxiong ShenSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Co-combustion is regarded as an effective means for high-efficiency utilization of low-quality fuels. However, low-quality fuel has problems such as low energy density and high water content. The fuel quality and blending performance can be further optimized by the pretreatment of low-quality fuel, for example, calorific value, hydrophobicity, and NO conversion rate. Based on the idea of co-upgradation, this study systematically investigates the effects of integrated upgrading on fuel quality and hydrophobicity under different conditions. In this study, lignite and wheat straw were selected as research objects. The co-upgrading experiments of wheat straw and lignite were conducted at reaction temperatures of 170 °C, 220 °C, and 270 °C in flue gas and air atmospheres with biomass blending ratios of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and nitrogen (N

Indexed as

biomasscombustion characteristicsco-upgradationfuel qualityhydrophobicitylignite

Identifiers

PMID40871587
PMCPMC12388832

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.