Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40871586›Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2025

From Molecular Interactions to Solubility in Deep Eutectic Solvents: Exploring Flufenamic Acid in Choline-Chloride- and Menthol-Based Systems.

Piotr Cysewski, Tomasz Jeliński, Oliwia Kukwa, Maciej Przybyłek

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Piotr CysewskiDepartment of Physical Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kurpińskiego 5, 85-096 Bydgoszcz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-6220-2634
Tomasz JelińskiDepartment of Physical Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kurpińskiego 5, 85-096 Bydgoszcz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-2359-6260
Oliwia KukwaDepartment of Physical Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kurpińskiego 5, 85-096 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
Maciej PrzybyłekDepartment of Physical Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kurpińskiego 5, 85-096 Bydgoszcz, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-3399-6129

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study explores how intermolecular interactions govern the composition of saturated solutions of influence flufenamic acid (FlA) in deep eutectic solvents (DESs). Using choline chloride (ChCl) or menthol (Men) as the HBAs and various polyols as the HBDs, FlA solubility was measured in different DES systems. The experimental values along with intermolecular interactions quantified via COSMOtherm-derived Gibbs free energies were used in the determination of component distributions for varying DES formulations. It was inferred that DES systems primarily consist of molecular complexes (dimers and hetero-pairs) rather than monomers due to their high association propensity. In the case of ChCl-based DESs, the HBA-HBD hetero-pairs are favored and strongly dominate. In contrast, Men-based DESs exhibited a strong attraction to HBDs; however, their self-association led to the predominance of HBD dimers. Solubility of FlA correlated with solute-containing hetero-pairs, peaking at optimal HBA-HBD ratios. These insights support in developing a rationale for DES design for pharmaceutical applications. The conclusions of this study were inferred from a novel crafted physically constrained iterative algorithm that reliably determines molecular composition from the equilibrium constants, overcoming the limitations of conventional numerical solvers in highly associated systems.

Indexed as

choline chloridedeep eutectic solventsflufenamic acidmentholmolecular interactionssolubility

Identifiers

PMID40871586
PMCPMC12388410

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.