Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40871395›Full record

ReviewMicroorganisms2025

Bioeconomy-Based Approaches for the Microbial Valorization of Citrus Processing Waste.

Ioannis Stavrakakis, Paraschos Melidis, Nektarios Kavroulakis, Michael Goliomytis, Panagiotis Simitzis, Spyridon Ntougias

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Microorganisms, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ioannis StavrakakisLaboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67132 Xanthi, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-5032-4992
Paraschos MelidisLaboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67132 Xanthi, Greece.ORCID 0000-0003-2446-3475
Nektarios KavroulakisInstitute for Olive Tree, Subtropical Plants and Viticulture, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Dimitra (ELGO-DIMITRA), Agrokipio-Souda, 73164 Chania, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-7770-3060
Michael GoliomytisLaboratory of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0001-9606-9894
Panagiotis SimitzisLaboratory of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-1450-4037
Spyridon NtougiasLaboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67132 Xanthi, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-6389-692X

Funding

The Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation regarding the H.F.R.I call "Basic research Financing (Horizontal support of all Sciences)" under the National Recovery and Resilience Plan "Greece 2.0" funded by the European Union - NextGenerationEU H.F.R.I. Project Number: 014995
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The citrus processing industry is an economically important agro-industrial sector worldwide; however, it produces significant amounts of waste annually. The biorefinery concept and the recovery of bio-based materials from agro-industrial residues, including citrus processing waste, are emphasized in the European Green Deal, reflecting the EU's commitment to fostering circularity. Biotreatment of citrus processing waste, including bioconversion into biomethane, biohydrogen, bioethanol and biodiesel, has been applied to valorize biomass for energy recovery. It can also be composted into a valuable soil conditioners and fertilizers, while raw and fermented citrus residues may exhibit phytoprotective activity. Citrus-derived residues can be converted into materials such as nanoparticles with adsorptive capacity for heavy metals and recalcitrant organic pollutants, and materials with antimicrobial properties against various microbial pathogens, or the potential to remove antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) from wastewater. Indeed, citrus residues are an ideal source of industrial biomolecules, like pectin, and the recovery of bioactive compounds with added value in food processing industry. Citrus processing waste can also serve as a source for isolating specialized microbial starter cultures or as a substrate for the growth of bioplastic-producing microorganisms. Solid-state fermentation of citrus residues can enhance the production of hydrolytic enzymes, with applications in food and environmental technology, as well as in animal feed. Certain fermented products also exhibit antioxidant properties. Citrus processing waste may be used as alternative feedstuff that potentially improves the oxidative stability and quality of animal products.

Indexed as

antioxidant activitybioeconomy conceptbiomass valorizationcellulose degradationcitrus processing wastesolid-state fermentation

Identifiers

PMID40871395
PMCPMC12388687

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.