ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2025
Residential and School Food Swamps and Overweight in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in Urban Brazil.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Understanding the School Food Environment and Anthropometric Indicators of Schoolchildren: A Census-Based, Cross-Sectional Study Using Primary Data in Rural Brazil.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Environmental Determinants of Pediatric Obesity: An Epidemiological Review.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Food environment in Brazil: food deserts and food swamps in large urban cities.Revista de saude publica · 2026Article
- The "pro-inflammatory imprint" of ultra-processed food exposure: a review of mechanisms affecting child and adolescent health and development via the gut microbiome-inflammation axis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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Abstract
The community food environment, which encompasses residential and school neighborhoods, is an important determinant of overweight in children and adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the co-occurrence of food swamps in residential and school environments and overweight status. This cross-sectional study included 2601 children and adolescents (aged 5-14 years) from 47 schools in a medium-sized municipality in Brazil. The outcome was overweight status, defined as body mass index for age exceeding the mean by at least one z-score. Food swamps in residential and school surroundings were defined as buffers of 250 m with four or more establishments selling ultra-processed foods. The prevalence of being overweight was 30.4%. Food swamps were present in 22.5% and 22% of the residential and school areas, respectively, and 16.2% of the participants were exposed to food swamps in both residential and school environments. Children and adolescents simultaneously exposed to food swamps in both residential and school areas had a higher likelihood of being overweight (odds ratio: 1.22; 95% confidence interval: 1.02-1.45). The simultaneous presence of food swamps in residential and school environments is associated with overweight in children and adolescents.
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