Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40868720›Full record

ReviewGels (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Recent Progress in Flexible Wearable Sensors Utilizing Conductive Hydrogels for Sports Applications: Characteristics, Mechanisms, and Modification Strategies.

Jie Wu, Jingya Hong, Xing Gao, Yutong Wang, Wenyan Wang, Hongchao Zhang, Jaeyoung Park, Weiquan Shi, Wei Guo

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jie WuCollege of Art and Physical Education, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan-si 38428, Republic of Korea.
Jingya HongSchool of Management, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
Xing GaoCollege of Sports and Human Sciences, Graduate School, Harbin Sport University, Harbin 150008, China.
Yutong WangCollege of Sports and Human Sciences, Graduate School, Harbin Sport University, Harbin 150008, China.
Wenyan WangCollege of Sports and Human Sciences, Graduate School, Harbin Sport University, Harbin 150008, China.
Hongchao ZhangCollege of Sports and Human Sciences, Graduate School, Harbin Sport University, Harbin 150008, China.
Jaeyoung ParkCollege of Art and Physical Education, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan-si 38428, Republic of Korea.
Weiquan ShiCollege of Art and Physical Education, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan-si 38428, Republic of Korea.
Wei GuoCollege of Art and Physical Education, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan-si 38428, Republic of Korea.

Funding

he Heilongjiang Provincial Undergraduate Colleges and Universities Basic Research Operating Expenses Project 2024KYYWF-TD02
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Conductive hydrogels demonstrate substantial potential for flexible wearable sensors in motion monitoring, owing to their unique physicochemical properties; however, current implementations still confront persistent challenges in long-term stability, sensitivity, response speed, and detection limits under complex dynamic conditions, which material innovations are urgently required to resolve. Consequently, this paper comprehensively reviews the recent advancements in conductive hydrogel-based flexible wearable sensors for sports applications. The paper examines the conductivity, self-adhesion, self-repair, and biocompatibility of conductive hydrogels, along with detailed analyses of their working principles in resistance, capacitance, piezoelectric, and battery-based sensing mechanisms. Additionally, the paper summarizes innovative strategies to enhance sensor performance through polymer blending, polyelectrolyte doping, inorganic salt doping, and nanomaterial integration. Furthermore, the paper highlights the latest applications of conductive hydrogel flexible wearable sensors in human motion monitoring, electrophysiological signal detection, and electrochemical biosignal monitoring. Finally, the paper provides an in-depth discussion of the advantages and limitations of existing technologies, offering valuable insights and new perspectives for future research directions.

Indexed as

conductive hydrogelflexible wearable sensorsensing mechanismsports monitoring application

Identifiers

PMID40868720
PMCPMC12385343

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.