Novel Zwitterionic Hydrogels with High and Tunable Toughness for Anti-Fouling Application.

Kefan Wu, Xiaoyu Guo, Jingyao Feng, Xiaoxue Yang, Feiyang Li, Xiaolin Wang, Hui Guo

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Gels (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Kefan WuState Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China.

Xiaoyu GuoSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China.

Jingyao FengState Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China.

Xiaoxue YangState Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China.

Feiyang LiSchool of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China.

Xiaolin WangState Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China.

Hui GuoState Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China.ORCID 0000-0002-4652-2395

Funding

Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation 2025A1515010735Macau Science and Technology Development Fund 0027/2023/RIB1, FDCT 0009/2020/AMJ, 003/2022/ALC, 0092/2022/A2, 0144/2022/A3National Natural Science Foundation of China 32301104

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Zwitterionic hydrogels have emerged as eco-friendly anti-fouling materials owing to their superior hydration-mediated resistance to biofouling. Nevertheless, their practical utility remains constrained by intrinsically poor mechanical robustness. Herein, this study proposes a novel strategy to develop novel tough zwitterionic hydrogels by freezing the gels' polymer network. As a proof of concept, a zwitterionic hydrogel was synthesized via copolymerization of hydrophobic monomer phenyl methacrylate (PMA) and hydrophilic cationic monomer

Indexed as

anti-foulinghigh strengthmechanical propertiesthermo-responsivenesszwitterionic hydrogels

Identifiers

PMID40868717

DOI10.3390/gels11080587

PMCPMC12385771

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LicenceCC BY

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.