ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Knowledge of Vaginal Microbiota and Its Association with Perceptions of Vulvovaginal Aesthetic Procedures Among Saudi Women.
Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe human microbiome includes trillions of microorganisms, with the vaginal microbiota playing a vital role in women's reproductive health. Concurrently, interest in vulvovaginal esthetic procedures (VVEP) is increasing. This study aimed to compare single and married or previously married women in terms of their knowledge of the human microbiome, particularly the vaginal microbiota, and their perceptions of VVEP. It also examined associations between microbiota awareness, attitudes toward VVEP, and sociodemographic factors.
methodsA cross-sectional, online survey was distributed to women aged 18 years and older in Saudi Arabia. A total of 1019 responses were collected. Chi-square tests compared knowledge responses between marital groups, while linear regression was used to explore associations between microbiota knowledge and participant characteristics.
resultsSingle women showed greater awareness of general microbiome concepts, with 42% correctly identifying the term "microbiome" compared to 29.89% of married or previously married women. In contrast, married or previously married women demonstrated better knowledge of vaginal microbiota and the effects of antibiotic misuse. Of the participants, 6.6% had undergone one or more VVEP. Furthermore, 19.7% of single women and 18.3% of married or previously married women expressed future interest in undergoing such procedures. Marital status influenced perceptions of specific procedures, with married or previously married women more likely to justify interventions such as augmentation of the labia minora/"G-spot" augmentation and vaginal rejuvenation. Justification for augmentation of the labia minora/"G-spot" augmentation in this group was associated with lower vaginal microbiota knowledge. Healthcare professionals exhibited significantly higher microbiota awareness.
conclusionEnhancing women's knowledge of vaginal microbiota can enhance informed decision-making and reduce unnecessary esthetic interventions among Saudi women, thereby supporting better reproductive health outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.