ArticleChildren (Basel, Switzerland)2025
Sex Differences in Wheezing During the First Three Years of Life After Delivery via Caesarean Section.
Article in Children (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundEmerging evidence suggests that delivery by caesarean section predisposes to wheezing in early childhood, but the effect may differ between boys and girls. Such sex-specific differences remain insufficiently explored to date, particularly considering the wide range of perinatal and antenatal confounding factors. In this study, we aimed to investigate sex-specific differences in the association between delivery by caesarean section and preschool wheezing.
methodsThis is a secondary analysis of a population of 470 children (53% boys), born and cared for between August 2009 and March 2011 at the maternity services of the University Hospital of Patras, Greece. Participants were followed up regularly until the age of 36 months. Wheezing was defined as at least one episode of doctor-diagnosed wheezing per year during the surveillance period of three years. Multivariable regression models were used to explore possible associations and adjust for confounders.
resultsThe rate of caesarean section was 51% (
conclusionsGirls born by caesarean section developed wheezing more frequently than their vaginally born counterparts during the first three years of life. Although male sex proved an overall predisposing factor to preschool wheezing, boys born by caesarean section were not diagnosed with wheezing more frequently than those delivered vaginally.
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