Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40868155›Full record

ReviewBiomedicines2025

Treatment Strategies for Cutaneous and Oral Mucosal Side Effects of Oncological Treatment in Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.

Sanja Brnić, Bruno Špiljak, Lucija Zanze, Ema Barac, Robert Likić, Liborija Lugović-Mihić

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biomedicines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Sanja BrnićDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Clinical Hospital Sveti Duh, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0003-0949-787X
Bruno ŠpiljakDepartment of Oral Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0003-2545-4474
Lucija ZanzeFamily Physician Office, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Ema BaracFamily Physician Office, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Robert LikićUnit for Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0003-1413-4862
Liborija Lugović-MihićDepartment of Dermatovenereology, University Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.ORCID 0000-0001-7494-5742

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cutaneous and oral mucosal adverse events (AEs) are among the most common non-hematologic toxicities observed during breast cancer treatment. These complications arise across various therapeutic modalities including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, hormonal therapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Although often underrecognized compared with systemic side effects, dermatologic and mucosal toxicities can severely impact the patients' quality of life, leading to psychosocial distress, pain, and reduced treatment adherence. In severe cases, these toxicities may necessitate dose reductions, treatment delays, or discontinuation, thereby compromising oncologic outcomes. The growing use of precision medicine and novel targeted agents has broadened the spectrum of AEs, with some therapies linked to distinct dermatologic syndromes and mucosal complications such as mucositis, xerostomia, and lichenoid reactions. Early detection, accurate classification, and timely multidisciplinary management are essential for mitigating these effects. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge on cutaneous and oral mucosal toxicities associated with modern breast cancer therapies. Particular attention is given to clinical presentation, underlying pathophysiology, incidence, and evidence-based prevention and management strategies. We also explore emerging approaches, including nanoparticle-based delivery systems and personalized interventions, which may reduce toxicity without compromising therapeutic efficacy. By emphasizing the integration of dermatologic and mucosal care, this review aims to support clinicians in preserving treatment adherence and enhancing the overall therapeutic experience in breast cancer patients. The novelty of this review lies in its dual focus on cutaneous and oral complications across all major therapeutic classes, including recent biologic and immunotherapeutic agents, and its emphasis on multidisciplinary, patient-centered strategies.

Indexed as

breast cancerchemotherapycutaneous toxicityimmunotherapyoral mucosal toxicityradiotherapysupportive caretargeted therapy

Identifiers

PMID40868155
PMCPMC12383360

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.