ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2025
Comparative Evaluation of Ovsynch and Double Ovsynch Protocols with Single and Double Insemination in Holstein Dairy Cows: Reproductive Performance and Cost Analysis.
Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Preliminary Metabolomic Analysis: Serum Metabolomic Dynamics During Estrus Synchronization in Kazakh Mares.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Simulating Dairy Herd Structure and Cash Flow: Design and Application of a Web-Based Decision-Support Tool.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Pilot Study: Exploring the Feasibility of Individual Voluntary Waiting Period Settings Using Postpartum Recovery Indicators in Dairy Cows.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study investigated the reproductive and economic costs of four estrus synchronization protocols in multiparous Holstein dairy cows: Ovsynch with one or two artificial inseminations (AIs), and Double Ovsynch with one or two AIs. A total of 216 clinically healthy cows were randomly assigned to one of the four treatment groups (n = 54 each). Pregnancy diagnosis was performed by transrectal ultrasonography at 33 days post insemination. Economic calculations included the cost of hormonal treatments, insemination, and pregnancy diagnosis, reflecting market prices in large scale Romanian dairy operations. The highest pregnancy rate (64.8%) and lowest cost per confirmed pregnancy (EUR 89.51) were achieved in the group treated with Double Ovsynch followed by a single AI. The standard Ovsynch protocol with one AI yielded the lowest conception rate (42.6%), indicating limited effectiveness under fixed-time AI conditions. These findings suggest that Double Ovsynch with a single insemination is the most effective and economically viable protocol for reproductive management in intensively managed dairy herds.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.