Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40867460›Full record

ArticleBehavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2025

Hurt Feelings and Blocked Complexity in American Politics: Interpersonal Wounds Under Political Polarization and Social Distance.

Chris Kam

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Chris KamDepartment of Psychology, Adams State University, Alamosa, CO 81101, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2431-4675

Funding

Adams State University N/A
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study assessed connections between five negative interpersonal feelings with political polarization in America. A total of 203 participants, Democrats and Republicans, were studied to see if their level of feeling hurt, dismissed, misunderstood, offended, and looked down upon was connected with their level of affective polarization, social distance, and integrative complexity. Positive correlations were found amongst all five negative interpersonal feelings and the level of affective polarization and social distance for both party members. Feeling hurt, offended, and looked down upon were negatively correlated with integrative complexity in political issues. Feeling dismissed was a predictor of lower integrative complexity. Implications for future research and real-world application are discussed in the conclusion.

Indexed as

affective polarizationintegrative complexityinterpersonal relationshipspolitical psychologysocial distance

Identifiers

PMID40867460
PMCPMC12383109

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.