ArticleApplied health economics and health policy2026
Mechanisms Considering Public Investment in Pricing and Reimbursement Decisions of Medicines and Other Health Technologies: A Scoping Review.
Article in Applied health economics and health policy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Collaborating for Affordable Patient Access to Medicines: Review of the First Decade of the Beneluxa Initiative in Pharmaceutical Policy.Applied health economics and health policy · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPricing and reimbursement (P&R) systems do not normally use public investments in research and development (R&D) as criteria when negotiating the prices and reimbursement of health technologies.
objectiveThe objective was to find mechanisms that consider public investment in R&D when negotiating P&R or obtaining a fair return on this public investment
methodsWe conducted a scoping review. A total of four databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science) and a grey literature information source (Google Scholar) were searched. Eligible articles were published before 2024 and described how public sector investment in R&D is considered in price negotiations or how the public sector can obtain a return on R&D investment.
resultsThe review found 28 papers referring to mechanisms that take into account public investment in R&D to reduce prices in the P&R negotiation (e.g. delinkage R&D model, advance purchase agreement and government patent use), to obtain a fair return on investment (e.g. royalties and venture philanthropy) or to save costs or share risks (e.g. social impact bonds and prize fund). Examples are provided of health technologies that used these mechanisms.
conclusionsPolicymakers have several resources they can draw from to ensure a fair and efficient use of public R&D funds. However, there is little evidence that these instruments are widely used in practice, and there is no political consensus on what mechanism is the most appropriate and why. In view of the above, it is essential to create a common framework that will ensure a fairer and more affordable system for public health budgets.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.