Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40866695›Full record

ArticleNature2025

Extreme armour in the world's oldest ankylosaur.

Susannah C R Maidment, Driss Ouarhache, Kawtar Ech-Charay, Ahmed Oussou, Khadija Boumir, Abdessalam El Khanchoufi, Alison Park, Luke E Meade, D Cary Woodruff, Simon Wills and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Susannah C R MaidmentFossil Reptiles, Amphibians and Birds Section, Natural History Museum, London, UK. susannah.maidment@nhm.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0002-7741-2500
Driss OuarhacheGERA Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
Kawtar Ech-CharayGERA Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
Ahmed OussouGERA Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.ORCID 0000-0001-8016-9735
Khadija BoumirGERA Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
Abdessalam El KhanchoufiGERA Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
Alison ParkEmanya Fossil Preparation and Conservation, Sheffield, UK.
Luke E MeadeSchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
D Cary WoodruffPhillip and Patricia Frost Museum of Science, Miami, FL, USA.
Simon WillsFossil Reptiles, Amphibians and Birds Section, Natural History Museum, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2012-1016
Mike SmithFossil Reptiles, Amphibians and Birds Section, Natural History Museum, London, UK.
Paul M BarrettFossil Reptiles, Amphibians and Birds Section, Natural History Museum, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0412-3000
Richard J ButlerSchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. r.butler.1@bham.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-2136-7541

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The armoured ankylosaurian dinosaurs are best known from Late Cretaceous Northern Hemisphere ecosystems, but their early evolution in the Early-Middle Jurassic is shrouded in mystery due to a poor fossil record

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionDinosaursFossilsAnimalsMoroccoPhylogenySpineTail

Identifiers

PMID40866695

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.