SynthesisInternational journal of surgery (London, England)2026
Comparison of complications and oncology outcomes of immunotherapy alone and combination in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of surgery (London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Digital immune twins and ai-integrated multi-omic biomarkers: Redefining personalized immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2026Review
- Integrative Machine Learning Framework Revealing TRPM4-Associated Signatures and Identifying SPATA6 as a Potential Biomarker in Prostate Cancer.Journal of Cancer · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
objectiveComparison of complications and oncology outcomes of immunotherapy alone and combination in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
methodsAs of March 2025, a systematic search on the application of immunotherapy alone with immunotherapy combined with other treatments (immunotherapy combined with radiotherapy/endocrine therapy, etc.) in the Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science databases for mCRPC. The complication and oncology outcome data from the study were collected for subsequent analysis. Stata17 software is used for data analysis.
resultsA total of nine studies were included. Compared with immunotherapy alone, immunotherapy combined with other treatments increased the overall survival of patients (effect = 0.67, 95% Cl [0.35, 0.98], P < 0.05) and median survival time (effect = 0.74, 95% Cl [0.45, 1.02], P < 0.05). The response rate of PSA50 in patients was increased (OR = 3.78, 95% Cl [1.12, 10.77], P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the overall complication rates between the two.
conclusionPreliminary findings so far show that immunotherapy in combination with other therapies improves overall survival, median survival time, and PSA50 response rate, with no significant difference in overall complication rate between the two groups. This conclusion is based on the pooled results of nine studies, which are small in number, and more multicenter, high-quality studies are needed to confirm this.
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