Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40865537›Full record

Trial reportBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2026

Efficacy and safety of a selective partial agonist for nociception/orphanin-FQ peptide (NOP) receptors in patients with insomnia disorder.

Garth T Whiteside, Ellie He, Manjunath S Shet, Mingyan Zhou, Maha Ahmad, Stephen C Harris

Abstract readRandomized Controlled TrialClinical Trial, Phase I
In one paragraph

Trial report in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Garth T WhitesideImbrium Therapeutics, Stamford, CT, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8128-0806
Ellie HeImbrium Therapeutics, Stamford, CT, USA.
Manjunath S ShetImbrium Therapeutics, Stamford, CT, USA.
Mingyan ZhouImbrium Therapeutics, Stamford, CT, USA.
Maha AhmadSleep Disorders Institute, New York, NY, USA.
Stephen C HarrisImbrium Therapeutics, Stamford, CT, USA.

Funding

Imbrium Therapeutics
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsInsomnia is a common sleep disorder, affecting up to 20% of the world population and adversely impacting productivity, health, and overall well-being. Although pharmacologic options exist to treat insomnia, the health-related quality of life for patients who are prescribed hypnotics is no higher than for those who are not, revealing a significant treatment gap. Sunobinop, an oral, selective, potent, partial agonist of the nociceptin receptor (NOP), was evaluated for efficacy and safety in the treatment of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) insomnia disorder.

methodsIn this randomized, double-blind, repeat-dose, crossover, Phase 1 study, 30 patients were assigned to treatment with sunobinop 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, 3.0 mg and 6.0 mg and placebo; changes in sleep parameters, measured by polysomnography (PSG), in addition to subjective sleep measures and safety-related measures were assessed. Twenty-nine patients completed the study.

resultsSunobinop demonstrated a dose-dependent and significant increase in sleep efficiency compared with placebo. Sleep efficiency was statistically significantly increased by 12.1%, 14.7%, 17.6% and 19.0% over baseline at 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, 3.0 mg and 6.0 mg, respectively (P ≤ 0.001) compared to placebo. Sunobinop improved sleep maintenance, measured by wakefulness after sleep onset, at all doses compared with placebo. Sunobinop resulted in a significant dose-dependent change in time spent in N1 and N2 sleep with no effect on rapid eye movement (REM) latency, differentiating sunobinop from other hypnotics. Results from PSG measures correlated well with those from subjective assessments. Adverse events (AEs) that occurred in this study were rated by investigators as largely mild.

conclusionsIn this Phase 1 study of 30 patients, sunobinop was well tolerated by patients, with no study discontinuation due to AEs. Doses were identified that had a beneficial effect on sleep measures without eliciting next-day residual effects (<3 mg). These data suggest that sunobinop has the potential to be developed as a therapeutic option for the treatment of sleep disturbances, including DSM-5 insomnia; however, larger confirmatory studies are warranted.

Indexed as

Hypnotics and SedativesReceptors, OpioidSleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersAdultAgedCross-Over StudiesDose-Response Relationship, DrugDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNociceptin ReceptorPolysomnographySleepTreatment OutcomeHypnotics and SedativesNociceptin ReceptorOPRL1 protein, humanReceptors, Opioidinsomnianociceptin/orphanin FQNOPpolysomnographysleep efficiencysunobinop

Identifiers

PMID40865537
PMCPMC12746404

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.