Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40863959›Full record

ReviewToxics2025

Mechanisms and Genetic Drivers of Resistance of Insect Pests to Insecticides and Approaches to Its Control.

Yahya Al Naggar, Nedal M Fahmy, Abeer M Alkhaibari, Rasha K Al-Akeel, Hend M Alharbi, Amr Mohamed, Ioannis Eleftherianos, Hesham R El-Seedi, John P Giesy, Hattan A Alharbi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Toxics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Cytochrome P450 GenesInsects · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Genomic signatures of selection inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Targeting elongation factor 2 inFrontiers in insect science · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Yahya Al NaggarApplied College, Center for Bee Research and Its Products, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-8111-918X
Nedal M FahmyDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0009-0009-6653-0681
Abeer M AlkhaibariDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-4376-2438
Rasha K Al-AkeelDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0009-0003-4958-7527
Hend M AlharbiDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0009-0008-8185-9111
Amr MohamedDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0003-2788-5534
Ioannis EleftherianosDepartment of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4822-3110
Hesham R El-SeediDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-2519-6690
John P GiesyDepartment of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798-7266, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1931-9962
Hattan A AlharbiDepartment of Plant Protection, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0003-3297-729X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The escalating challenge of resistance to insecticides among agricultural and public health pests poses a significant threat to global food security and vector-borne disease control. This review synthesizes current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning resistance, including well-characterized pathways such as target-site mutations affecting nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs), and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, and metabolic detoxification mediated by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs), esterases, and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Emerging resistance mechanisms are also explored, including protein sequestration by odorant-binding proteins and post-transcriptional regulation via non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Focused case studies on

Indexed as

cross-resistanceemerging mechanismsinsecticide resistanceinsecticide resistance management (IRM)metabolic detoxificationmolecular mechanismstarget-site resistance

Identifiers

PMID40863959
PMCPMC12390148

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.