ReviewJournal of cardiovascular development and disease2025
Mitral Annular Disjunction: Epidemiology, Diagnostic Methods, Prognosis, and Novel Implications.
Review in Journal of cardiovascular development and disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Mitral annular disjunction and high-risk profiles: a conceptual approach to risk stratification and surgical implications.General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2026Pooled it
- From Modified Haller Index to a Novel Patented Anatomical Measurement Device: Engineering Development, Validation, and Clinical Applications of Non-Invasive Thoracic Morphometry.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Bundgaard Syndrome as a Rare Cause of Diffuse ST-Segment Depression: The First Reported Case in Turkey.JACC. Case reports · 2026Article
- Predictors of Left Ventricular Fibrosis in Mitral Annular Disjunction: Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Mitral Valve Surgery with and Without Mitral Annular Disjunction: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mitral annular disjunction (MAD) is an increasingly recognized structural abnormality of the mitral valve apparatus, often associated with mitral valve prolapse and a heightened risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. It is defined by a separation between the mitral annulus and the left ventricular myocardium, best visualized during systole. In this review, we present an updated and comprehensive overview of MAD, drawing from recent large-scale imaging studies, expert consensus documents, and newly proposed classifications such as true versus pseudo-MAD. We discuss its prevalence, anatomical features, and diagnostic challenges across multiple imaging modalities, including transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance, and computed tomography. We also explore its pathophysiological role in arrhythmogenesis, its prognostic implications, and current management strategies. Special attention is given to risk stratification based on imaging and cardiac rhythm findings, and we propose a practical clinical framework to guide decision-making. This review aims to support clinicians in recognizing MAD as a potentially arrhythmogenic condition that requires systematic evaluation and follow-up.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.