Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40863253›Full record

ReviewInfectious disease reports2025

Antifungal Agents in the 21st Century: Advances, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.

Francesco Branda, Nicola Petrosillo, Giancarlo Ceccarelli, Marta Giovanetti, Andrea De Vito, Giordano Madeddu, Fabio Scarpa, Massimo Ciccozzi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Infectious disease reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Antifungal Dispensing in Denmark: Patterns Across Primary Care, Secondary Care, and Over-the-Counter Sectors.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2026
    Article
  4. RethinkingVaccines · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Dermatophytosis: An Update on Global Epidemiology.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Antifungal activity of isolated compounds from CTurkish journal of chemistry · 2026
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Structural barriers to antifungal drug development.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Francesco BrandaUnit of Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-9485-3877
Nicola PetrosilloInfection Prevention & Control/Infectious Disease Service, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00127 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2585-7567
Giancarlo CeccarelliDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-5921-3180
Marta GiovanettiDepartment of Science and Technologies for Sustainable Development and One Health, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5849-7326
Andrea De VitoUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8265-5400
Giordano MadedduUnit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6099-2273
Fabio ScarpaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-3501-714X
Massimo CiccozziUnit of Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3866-9239

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) represent a growing global health threat, particularly for immunocompromised populations, with mortality exceeding 1.5 million deaths annually. Despite their clinical and economic burden-costing billions in healthcare expenditures-fungal infections remain underprioritized in public health agendas. This review examines the current landscape of antifungal therapy, focusing on advances, challenges, and future directions. Key drug classes (polyenes, azoles, echinocandins, and novel agents) are analyzed for their mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, and clinical applications, alongside emerging resistance patterns in pathogens like

Indexed as

antifungal resistanceantifungal therapydrug developmentemerging fungal threatsfungal pathogensinvasive fungal infectionstherapeutic challenges

Identifiers

PMID40863253
PMCPMC12386373

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.