ArticleClinical pharmacology : advances and applications2025
Recurrent Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Pneumonitis Refractory to Corticosteroid Treatment: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Article in Clinical pharmacology : advances and applications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pulmonary toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors.Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2026Review
- Severe probable immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis after thoracic radiotherapy complicated by acute pulmonary embolism in lung squamous cell carcinoma: a case report.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are antibodies that activate the immune system to kill tumor cells and have been widely used in oncology. However, dysregulated immune activation may result in the attack of normal tissues and organs, leading to immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Corticosteroid-refractory irAE pneumonitis severely threatens patient survival and is characterized by a lack of high-level evidence-based management guidelines, highlighting the need for increased scrutiny in this area. Case Presentation: This article presents the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with lung squamous cell carcinoma who developed recurrent corticosteroid-refractory grade 3 checkpoint inhibitor- related pneumonitis (CIP) during treatment with the ICI tislelizumab. The management approach included the use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). The case is thoroughly analyzed and discussed, accompanied by a review of relevant literature. Conclusion: IVIG and MMF showed effectiveness in corticosteroid-refractory CIP, and further investigation is warranted to establish standardized guideline and to optimize therapeutic drug monitoring for immunosuppressive agents.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.