Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40861775›Full record

ReviewCureus2025

Hypertrophic and Keloid Scar Management: Advances in Diagnosis, Perioperative Care, and Anesthetic Modulation.

Sarah Kazemeini, Ahmed Nadeem-Tariq, Parisa Hajian, Bettina Anil, Jennifer Easterly, Kiratpreet Sraa, Sahara Pokharel, Rebecca Metellus, Monia Kazemeini

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Sarah KazemeiniMedicine, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, USA.
Ahmed Nadeem-TariqOtolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, USA.
Parisa HajianDermatology, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Glendale, USA.
Bettina AnilMedicine, William Carey University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Hattiesburg, USA.
Jennifer EasterlyMedicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, USA.
Kiratpreet SraaDermatology, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Glendale, USA.
Sahara PokharelMedicine, DeBusk School of Osteopathic Medicine, Knoxville, USA.
Rebecca MetellusMedicine, Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, USA.
Monia KazemeiniMechanical Engineering, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hypertrophic and keloid scars present significant challenges in surgical recovery and perioperative care, especially in patients undergoing reconstructive procedures or burn treatment. These scars can cause pain, pruritus, and psychosocial distress. There is a higher burden in individuals with skin of color, a term commonly used to describe those with Fitzpatrick skin types IV to VI, due to both increased incidence and limitations of early detection. Traditional treatment approaches often overlook the complex nature of wound healing and the influence of perioperative inflammation and pain control. Recent advances, such as high-frequency ultrasound, shear wave elastography, and artificial intelligence tools, have improved the ability to assess scars objectively and detect changes early. Wearable monitoring systems and personalized therapies are also creating new options to guide treatment. Intraoperative and postoperative strategies, including silicone sheeting and corticosteroid injections, are central to improving outcomes. Anesthesiologists contribute by using regional techniques that reduce inflammation and support recovery. This review explores how surgical, anesthetic, and dermatologic strategies together can improve care and reduce disparities in scar management.

Indexed as

anesthesiadermatologic surgeryhypertrophic scarskeloidsperioperative carescar managementwound healing

Identifiers

PMID40861775
PMCPMC12377257

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.