Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40861276›Full record

ReviewJournal of Taibah University Medical Sciences2025

Antimicrobial efficacy of methylene blue-functionalized graphene oxide-mediated photodynamic therapy against

Rizwan Jouhar, Mohamad S Halim, Sayed A Quadri, Muhammad A Ahmed, Faheem Shah

RetractedAbstract readReviewRetracted Publication
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Rizwan JouharPh.D. Scholar, Conservative Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Mohamad S HalimConservative Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Sayed A QuadriDivision of Microbiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, KSA.
Muhammad A AhmedDepartment of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, KSA.
Faheem ShahDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, KSA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study assessed the antimicrobial efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using functionalized graphene oxide with methylene blue (MB/rGO) to achieve root canal disinfection against Methods: In this in vitro study, Results: A substantial decrease in bacterial load ( Conclusion: Functionalized MB/rGO with sonic and laser activation achieved the highest bacterial load decrease, and was closely followed by modified PDT with MB. NaOCl irrigation was effective but did not yield negative cultures. Our findings highlight the potential of modified PDT for enhanced root canal cleaning.

Indexed as

Antimicrobial efficacyEnterococcus faecalisGraphene oxideMethylene bluePhotodynamic therapyRoot canal disinfection

Identifiers

PMID40861276
PMCPMC12375254

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.